Here’s a list of useful IELTS Writing Task 1 vocabulary for describing graphs, charts, and trends — organized by function — suitable for a Band 6.5+ level.
1. Verbs to describe trends (change over time)
increase / rise / go up
decrease / fall / drop / go down
grow / climb / decline / reduce
fluctuate (go up and down)
remain stable / stay the same
Examples:
The number of users increased steadily from 2010 to 2015.
The percentage fell sharply in 2020.
Sales fluctuated throughout the year.
The figures remained stable between June and August.
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2. Adverbs to describe how the change happens
gradually / steadily / slowly / slightly
sharply / significantly / rapidly / dramatically
Examples:
The population grew gradually over 10 years.
The rate of unemployment dropped sharply in 2018.
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3. Nouns to describe trends
an increase / a rise / a growth
a decrease / a drop / a fall / a decline
a fluctuation / a stability
Examples:
There was a significant rise in exports.
The graph shows a steady decline in crime rates.
A fluctuation can be seen in the middle of the period.
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4. Comparing and contrasting
compared to / in comparison with
while / whereas
more than / less than / as much as
the highest / the lowest
Examples:
In 2010, the figure for A was higher compared to B.
Country A had the highest number of tourists.
While car sales rose, bike sales fell.
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5. Time expressions
over the period
from 2000 to 2020
during the first half of the year
in the final quarter.
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